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What is the difference between potassium perchlorate and potassium chlorate?
Release time:
2022-01-10
Both in chemical formula, valence, oxidation, density, melting point, chemical properties, physical properties are different.
Both in chemical formula, valence, oxidation, density, melting point, chemical properties, physical properties are different.
1. Chemical formula:
The chemical formula of potassium chlorate is KClO3, and the chemical formula of potassium chlorate is KClO3;
2. Physical properties:
Potassium chlorate is a colorless flake crystal or white granular powder with salty and cool taste. 1g of strong oxidant is slowly dissolved in 16.5ml of water, 1.8ml of boiling water, about 50ml of glycerin, and is almost insoluble in ethanol. Relative density 2.32, melting point 356 ℃. Potassium perchlorate white powder or colorless orthorhombic crystal, density 2.52g/cm3. Melting point 610 ℃. Slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ether.
3. Chemical properties:
Potassium chlorate is stable at room temperature, decomposes and releases oxygen above 400 ℃, and can be mixed with reducing agents, organics, combustibles such as sulfur, phosphorus or metal powder to form an explosive mixture, which can explode when heated sharply. Therefore, potassium chlorate is a highly sensitive explosive agent, such as mixed with certain impurities, sometimes even under sunlight. It will explode in case of concentrated sulfuric acid. It can be used as a catalyst with manganese dioxide to react to generate oxygen under heating conditions. composed of ions. Potassium chlorate must not be used to react with hydrochloric acid to prepare chlorine, because it will form explosive chlorine dioxide, and pure chlorine cannot be obtained at all.
Potassium perchlorate is more stable than potassium chlorate and decomposes into potassium chloride and oxygen at the melting point. Decomposition also occurs when mixed with organics or combustibles. Potassium perchlorate is a strong oxidant, mixed with carbon, sulfur, phosphorus and organic matter, and is prone to combustion and explosion by collision and friction. In the presence of potassium chloride, copper, iron, etc., the decomposition reaction is accelerated. Stability is better than potassium chlorate. Potassium perchlorate also has combustion-supporting properties. For the production of fireworks and safety matches. Used as antipyretic, diuretic and other agents, luminescent signal agent, chemical analysis reagent, smoke agent, ignition agent and oxidant.
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