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An article to let you understand what is chloroacetic acid
Release time:
2021-11-09
Chloroacetic acid is a halogenated acid. It is a colorless or pale yellow crystal with a pungent odor after an H atom on the methyl group of acetic acid is replaced by a Cl atom.
[alias] monochloroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, chloroacetic acid.
[molecular formula] C2H3CO2
structural formula C1CH2COOH
[Properties] Chloroacetic acid is a halogenated acid. It is a colorless or pale yellow crystal with pungent odor after one H atom on the methyl group in acetic acid molecule is replaced by one Cl atom. Boiling point 187.85 ℃, relative density 1.4043 (40 ℃), refractive index 1.4330(60 ℃). It has four kinds of crystal (α, β, γ, and δ type), its melting point is 63 ℃(α type),56.2 ℃(β type), 52.5 ℃(γ type) and 42.75 ℃(δ type). Industrial melting point 61-63 ℃. Soluble in water, benzene, ethanol and ether. It is a more active acid than acetic acid, and its acidity is stronger than acetic acid. It can make blue litmus paper turn red, and cl atoms in chloroacetic acid can be replaced by-OH,-SH,-CN,-NH2,-F and other groups. It is highly corrosive and can destroy metal, rubber and cork.
[Uses] It is an intermediate of dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, synthetic resins and other organic synthetic materials. Dye industry for the production of indigo dyes. Used in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of barbital, caffeine, adrenaline, vitamin R6 and amino acetic acid. The pesticide industry is used to produce dimethoate, 2,4-D butyl ester (herbicide; 2,4,5-T (herbicide and growth stimulant), thiocyanoacetic acid and naphthalene acetic acid. Chloroacetic acid is also an important carboxymethyl agent, used in the preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, etc., but also used as non-ferrous metal flotation agent and chromatography reagent.
[Brief Preparation Method] Chloroacetic acid is prepared by reacting glacial acetic acid with chlorine gas at about 95 ℃ under the action of sulfur yellow (or red phosphorus) catalyst.
[Safety and Protection] Chloroacetic acid belongs to secondary organic acid corrosive articles, and the danger gauge number is 94003. Packed with woven bags lined with plastic bags or lined with plastic iron drums, each bag (or barrel) has a net weight of 25kg or 50kg, and marked with the "corrosion product" mark. Should be stored in a cool, dry place.
Chloroacetic acid is highly toxic, highly corrosive and irritating. A large amount of water should be used to rinse when the skin is touched. Severe cases should be sent to hospital for treatment.
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